impromptu db transaction refactor

src/entity/gateway/entitygateway.rs

@@ -19,15 +19,12 @@ pub enum GatewayError {
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 pub trait EntityGateway: Send + Sync {
-    async fn transaction<'a>(&'a mut self) -> Result<Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>, GatewayError>
-    {
-        unimplemented!();
-    }
+    type Transaction: EntityGatewayTransaction + Clone;
 
     async fn with_transaction<'a, F, Fut, R, E>(&'a mut self, _func: F) -> Result<R, E>
     where
-        Fut: Future<Output = Result<(Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>, R), E>> + Send + 'a,
-        F: FnOnce(Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>) -> Fut + Send,
+        Fut: Future<Output = Result<(Self::Transaction, R), E>> + Send + 'a,
+        F: FnOnce(Self::Transaction) -> Fut + Send,
         R: Send,
         E: From<GatewayError>,
         Self: Sized
@@ -155,12 +152,14 @@ pub trait EntityGateway: Send + Sync {
 
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-pub trait EntityGatewayTransaction: Send + Sync {
-    fn gateway(&mut self) -> &mut dyn EntityGateway {
+pub trait EntityGatewayTransaction: Send + Sync + Sized {
+    type ParentGateway: EntityGateway + Clone;
+
+    fn gateway(&mut self) -> &mut Self::ParentGateway {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 
-    async fn commit(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
+    async fn commit(self) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 }

src/entity/gateway/inmemory.rs

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ use crate::entity::item::*;
 
 use async_std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
-// TODO: implement multiple banks
-pub struct InMemoryGatewayTransaction<'a> {
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct InMemoryGatewayTransaction {
     working_gateway: InMemoryGateway,
-    original_gateway: &'a mut InMemoryGateway,
+    original_gateway: InMemoryGateway,
 }
 
 
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ where
 
 // functions here have been skipped as they are not used in transactions, add as needed
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl<'a> EntityGateway for InMemoryGatewayTransaction<'a> {
+impl EntityGateway for InMemoryGatewayTransaction {
+    type Transaction = InMemoryGatewayTransaction;
+
     async fn create_user(&mut self, user: NewUserAccountEntity) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
         self.working_gateway.create_user(user).await
     }
@@ -182,12 +184,14 @@ impl<'a> EntityGateway for InMemoryGatewayTransaction<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl<'a> EntityGatewayTransaction for InMemoryGatewayTransaction<'a> {
-    fn gateway(&mut self) -> &mut dyn EntityGateway {
+impl EntityGatewayTransaction for InMemoryGatewayTransaction {
+    type ParentGateway = InMemoryGatewayTransaction;
+
+    fn gateway(&mut self) -> &mut Self::ParentGateway {
         self
     }
 
-    async fn commit(mut self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
+    async fn commit(mut self) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
         self.original_gateway.users.lock().await.extend(self.working_gateway.users.lock().await.clone());
         self.original_gateway.user_settings.lock().await.extend(self.working_gateway.user_settings.lock().await.clone());
         self.original_gateway.characters.lock().await.extend(self.working_gateway.characters.lock().await.clone());
@@ -298,49 +302,12 @@ fn apply_modifiers(items: &BTreeMap<ItemEntityId, ItemEntity>,
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl EntityGateway for InMemoryGateway {
-    async fn transaction<'a>(&'a mut self) -> Result<Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>, GatewayError>
-    {
-        let working_gateway = {
-            let users = self.users.lock().await.clone();
-            let user_settings = self.user_settings.lock().await.clone();
-            let characters = self.characters.lock().await.clone();
-            let character_meseta = self.character_meseta.lock().await.clone();
-            let bank_meseta = self.bank_meseta.lock().await.clone();
-            let items = self.items.lock().await.clone();
-            let inventories = self.inventories.lock().await.clone();
-            let banks = self.banks.lock().await.clone();
-            let equips = self.equips.lock().await.clone();
-            let mag_modifiers = self.mag_modifiers.lock().await.clone();
-            let weapon_modifiers = self.weapon_modifiers.lock().await.clone();
-            let trades = self.trades.lock().await.clone();
-
-            InMemoryGateway {
-                users: Arc::new(Mutex::new(users)),
-                user_settings: Arc::new(Mutex::new(user_settings)),
-                characters: Arc::new(Mutex::new(characters)),
-                character_meseta: Arc::new(Mutex::new(character_meseta)),
-                bank_meseta: Arc::new(Mutex::new(bank_meseta)),
-                items: Arc::new(Mutex::new(items)),
-                inventories: Arc::new(Mutex::new(inventories)),
-                banks: Arc::new(Mutex::new(banks)),
-                equips: Arc::new(Mutex::new(equips)),
-                mag_modifiers: Arc::new(Mutex::new(mag_modifiers)),
-                weapon_modifiers: Arc::new(Mutex::new(weapon_modifiers)),
-                trades: Arc::new(Mutex::new(trades)),
-            }
-        };
-
-        Ok(Box::new(InMemoryGatewayTransaction {
-            working_gateway,
-            original_gateway: self,
-        }))
-    }
-
+    type Transaction = InMemoryGatewayTransaction;
 
     async fn with_transaction<'a, F, Fut, R, E>(&'a mut self, func: F) -> Result<R, E>
     where
-        Fut: Future<Output = Result<(Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>, R), E>> + Send + 'a,
-        F: FnOnce(Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>) -> Fut + Send,
+        Fut: Future<Output = Result<(Self::Transaction, R), E>> + Send + 'a,
+        F: FnOnce(Self::Transaction) -> Fut + Send,
         R: Send,
         E: From<GatewayError>,
     {
@@ -372,10 +339,10 @@ impl EntityGateway for InMemoryGateway {
             trades: Arc::new(Mutex::new(trades)),
         };
 
-        let transaction = Box::new(InMemoryGatewayTransaction {
+        let transaction = InMemoryGatewayTransaction {
             working_gateway,
-            original_gateway: self,
-        });
+            original_gateway: self.clone(),
+        };
 
         let (transaction, result) = func(transaction).await?;
 

src/entity/gateway/postgres/postgres.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 use std::convert::{From, TryFrom, Into};
 use futures::{Future, TryStreamExt};
 use async_std::stream::StreamExt;
+use async_std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 use libpso::character::guildcard;
 use crate::entity::account::*;
 use crate::entity::character::*;
@@ -21,31 +22,41 @@ mod embedded {
 }
 
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct PostgresTransaction<'t> {
-    pgtransaction: sqlx::Transaction<'t, sqlx::Postgres>,
+    pgtransaction: Arc<Mutex<sqlx::Transaction<'t, sqlx::Postgres>>>,
 }
 
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl<'t> EntityGatewayTransaction for PostgresTransaction<'t> {
-    fn gateway(&mut self) -> &mut dyn EntityGateway {
+    type ParentGateway = PostgresTransaction<'t>;
+
+    fn gateway(&mut self) -> &mut Self::ParentGateway {
         self
     }
 
-    async fn commit(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        self.pgtransaction.commit().await?;
+    //async fn commit(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
+    async fn commit(self) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
+        //self.pgtransaction.lock().await.commit().await?;
+        Arc::try_unwrap(self.pgtransaction)
+            .unwrap()
+            .into_inner()
+            .commit()
+            .await?;
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct PostgresGateway {
+pub struct PostgresGateway<'t> {
     pool: sqlx::Pool<sqlx::Postgres>,
+    _t: std::marker::PhantomData<&'t ()>,
 }
 
-impl PostgresGateway {
-    pub fn new(host: &str, dbname: &str, username: &str, password: &str) -> PostgresGateway {
+impl<'t> PostgresGateway<'t> {
+    pub fn new(host: &str, dbname: &str, username: &str, password: &str) -> PostgresGateway<'t> {
         let mut conn = refinery::config::Config::new(refinery::config::ConfigDbType::Postgres)
             .set_db_host(host)
             .set_db_user(username)
@@ -61,6 +72,7 @@ impl PostgresGateway {
 
         PostgresGateway {
             pool,
+            _t: Default::default(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -581,24 +593,19 @@ async fn set_character_playtime(conn: &mut sqlx::PgConnection, char_id: &Charact
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl EntityGateway for PostgresGateway {
-    async fn transaction<'a>(&'a mut self) -> Result<Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>, GatewayError>
-    {
-        Ok(Box::new(PostgresTransaction {
-            pgtransaction: self.pool.begin().await?,
-        }))
-    }
+impl<'t> EntityGateway for PostgresGateway<'t> {
+    type Transaction = PostgresTransaction<'t>;
 
     async fn with_transaction<'a, F, Fut, R, E>(&'a mut self, func: F) -> Result<R, E>
     where
-        Fut: Future<Output = Result<(Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>, R), E>> + Send + 'a,
-        F: FnOnce(Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>) -> Fut + Send,
+        Fut: Future<Output = Result<(Self::Transaction, R), E>> + Send + 'a,
+        F: FnOnce(Self::Transaction) -> Fut + Send,
         R: Send,
         E: From<GatewayError>,
     {
-        let transaction = Box::new(PostgresTransaction {
-            pgtransaction: self.pool.begin().await.map_err(|_| ()).unwrap()
-        });
+        let transaction = PostgresTransaction {
+            pgtransaction: Arc::new(Mutex::new(self.pool.begin().await.map_err(|_| ()).unwrap()))
+        };
         let (transaction, result) = func(transaction).await.map_err(|_| ()).unwrap();
         transaction.commit().await.map_err(|_| ()).unwrap();
         Ok(result)
@@ -728,44 +735,46 @@ impl EntityGateway for PostgresGateway {
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl<'c> EntityGateway for PostgresTransaction<'c> {
+    type Transaction = PostgresTransaction<'c>;
+
     async fn create_user(&mut self, user: NewUserAccountEntity) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
-        create_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction, user).await
+        create_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, user).await
     }
 
     async fn get_user_by_id(&mut self, id: UserAccountId) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
-        get_user_by_id(&mut *self.pgtransaction, id).await
+        get_user_by_id(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, id).await
     }
 
     async fn get_user_by_name(&mut self, username: String) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
-        get_user_by_name(&mut *self.pgtransaction, username).await
+        get_user_by_name(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, username).await
     }
 
     async fn save_user(&mut self, user: &UserAccountEntity) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        save_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction, user).await
+        save_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, user).await
     }
 
     async fn create_user_settings(&mut self, settings: NewUserSettingsEntity) -> Result<UserSettingsEntity, GatewayError> {
-        create_user_settings(&mut *self.pgtransaction, settings).await
+        create_user_settings(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, settings).await
     }
 
     async fn get_user_settings_by_user(&mut self, user: &UserAccountEntity) -> Result<UserSettingsEntity, GatewayError> {
-        get_user_settings_by_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction, user).await
+        get_user_settings_by_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, user).await
     }
 
     async fn save_user_settings(&mut self, settings: &UserSettingsEntity) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        save_user_settings(&mut *self.pgtransaction, settings).await
+        save_user_settings(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, settings).await
     }
 
     async fn create_character(&mut self, char: NewCharacterEntity) -> Result<CharacterEntity, GatewayError> {
-        create_character(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char).await
+        create_character(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char).await
     }
 
     async fn get_characters_by_user(&mut self, user: &UserAccountEntity) -> Result<[Option<CharacterEntity>; 4], GatewayError> {
-        get_characters_by_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction, user).await
+        get_characters_by_user(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, user).await
     }
 
     async fn save_character(&mut self, char: &CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        save_character(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char).await
+        save_character(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char).await
     }
 
     async fn get_guild_card_data_by_user(&mut self, user: &UserAccountEntity) -> Result<GuildCardDataEntity, GatewayError> {
@@ -777,75 +786,75 @@ impl<'c> EntityGateway for PostgresTransaction<'c> {
     }
 
     async fn create_item(&mut self, item: NewItemEntity) -> Result<ItemEntity, GatewayError> {
-        create_item(&mut *self.pgtransaction, item).await
+        create_item(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, item).await
     }
 
     async fn add_item_note(&mut self, item_id: &ItemEntityId, item_note: ItemNote) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        add_item_note(&mut *self.pgtransaction, item_id, item_note).await
+        add_item_note(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, item_id, item_note).await
     }
 
     async fn feed_mag(&mut self, mag_item_id: &ItemEntityId, tool_item_id: &ItemEntityId) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        feed_mag(&mut *self.pgtransaction, mag_item_id, tool_item_id).await
+        feed_mag(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, mag_item_id, tool_item_id).await
     }
 
     async fn change_mag_owner(&mut self, mag_item_id: &ItemEntityId, character: &CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        change_mag_owner(&mut *self.pgtransaction, mag_item_id, character).await
+        change_mag_owner(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, mag_item_id, character).await
     }
 
     async fn use_mag_cell(&mut self, mag_item_id: &ItemEntityId, mag_cell_id: &ItemEntityId) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        use_mag_cell(&mut *self.pgtransaction, mag_item_id, mag_cell_id).await
+        use_mag_cell(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, mag_item_id, mag_cell_id).await
     }
 
     async fn add_weapon_modifier(&mut self, item_id: &ItemEntityId, modifier: weapon::WeaponModifier) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        add_weapon_modifier(&mut *self.pgtransaction, item_id, modifier).await
+        add_weapon_modifier(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, item_id, modifier).await
     }
 
     async fn get_character_inventory(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId) -> Result<InventoryEntity, GatewayError> {
-        get_character_inventory(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id).await
+        get_character_inventory(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id).await
     }
 
     async fn get_character_bank(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, bank_name: &BankName) -> Result<BankEntity, GatewayError> {
-        get_character_bank(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, bank_name).await
+        get_character_bank(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, bank_name).await
     }
 
     async fn set_character_inventory(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, inventory: &InventoryEntity) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        set_character_inventory(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, inventory).await
+        set_character_inventory(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, inventory).await
     }
 
     async fn set_character_bank(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, bank: &BankEntity, bank_name: &BankName) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        set_character_bank(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, bank, bank_name).await
+        set_character_bank(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, bank, bank_name).await
     }
 
     async fn get_character_equips(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId) -> Result<EquippedEntity, GatewayError> {
-        get_character_equips(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id).await
+        get_character_equips(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id).await
     }
 
     async fn set_character_equips(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, equips: &EquippedEntity) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        set_character_equips(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, equips).await
+        set_character_equips(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, equips).await
     }
 
     async fn set_character_meseta(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, meseta: Meseta) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        set_character_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, meseta).await
+        set_character_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, meseta).await
     }
 
     async fn get_character_meseta(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId) -> Result<Meseta, GatewayError> {
-        get_character_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id).await
+        get_character_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id).await
     }
 
     async fn set_bank_meseta(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, bank: &BankName, meseta: Meseta) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        set_bank_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, bank, meseta).await
+        set_bank_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, bank, meseta).await
     }
 
     async fn get_bank_meseta(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, bank: &BankName) -> Result<Meseta, GatewayError> {
-        get_bank_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, bank).await
+        get_bank_meseta(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, bank).await
     }
 
     async fn create_trade(&mut self, char_id1: &CharacterEntityId, char_id2: &CharacterEntityId) -> Result<TradeEntity, GatewayError> {
-        create_trade(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id1, char_id2).await
+        create_trade(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id1, char_id2).await
     }
 
     async fn set_character_playtime(&mut self, char_id: &CharacterEntityId, playtime: u32) -> Result<(), GatewayError> {
-        set_character_playtime(&mut *self.pgtransaction, char_id, playtime).await
+        set_character_playtime(&mut *self.pgtransaction.lock().await, char_id, playtime).await
     }
 }
 

src/login/character.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use crate::common::interserver::{ServerId, InterserverActor, LoginMessage, ShipM
 use crate::common::leveltable::LEVEL_TABLE;
 use libpso::{utf8_to_array, utf8_to_utf16_array};
 
-use crate::entity::gateway::{EntityGateway, GatewayError};
+use crate::entity::gateway::{EntityGateway, EntityGatewayTransaction, GatewayError};
 use crate::entity::account::{UserAccountId, UserAccountEntity, NewUserSettingsEntity, USERFLAG_NEWCHAR, USERFLAG_DRESSINGROOM};
 use crate::entity::item::{NewItemEntity, ItemDetail, ItemNote, InventoryItemEntity, InventoryEntity, BankEntity, BankName, EquippedEntity, Meseta};
 use crate::entity::item::weapon::Weapon;
@@ -830,6 +830,14 @@ mod test {
     use libpso::character::{settings, character};
     use crate::entity::gateway::{InMemoryGateway, GatewayError};
 
+    impl EntityGateway for () {
+        type Transaction = ();
+    }
+
+    impl EntityGatewayTransaction for () {
+        type ParentGateway = ();
+    }
+
     #[async_std::test]
     async fn test_option_send() {
         #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -838,6 +846,7 @@ mod test {
 
         #[async_trait::async_trait]
         impl EntityGateway for TestData {
+            type Transaction = ();
             async fn get_user_settings_by_user(&mut self, user: &UserAccountEntity) -> Result<UserSettingsEntity, GatewayError> {
                 Ok(UserSettingsEntity {
                     id: UserSettingsId(0),
@@ -879,7 +888,9 @@ mod test {
     async fn test_user_checksum() {
         #[derive(Clone)]
         struct TestData;
-        impl EntityGateway for TestData {}
+        impl EntityGateway for TestData {
+            type Transaction = ();
+        }
         let mut server = CharacterServerState::new(TestData {}, AuthToken("".into()));
         let send = server.handle(ClientId(1), RecvCharacterPacket::Checksum(Checksum {checksum: 1234,
                                                                                       padding: 0,

src/login/login.rs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use libpso::util::array_to_utf8;
 use crate::common::cipherkeys::{ELSEWHERE_PRIVATE_KEY, ELSEWHERE_PARRAY};
 use crate::common::serverstate::{SendServerPacket,  RecvServerPacket, ServerState, OnConnect, ClientId};
 
-use crate::entity::gateway::EntityGateway;
+use crate::entity::gateway::{EntityGateway, EntityGatewayTransaction};
 use crate::entity::account::{UserAccountEntity};
 
 pub const LOGIN_PORT: u16 = 12000;
@@ -205,6 +205,14 @@ mod test {
         }
     });
 
+    impl EntityGateway for () {
+        type Transaction = ();
+    }
+
+    impl EntityGatewayTransaction for () {
+        type ParentGateway = ();
+    }
+
     #[async_std::test]
     async fn test_correct_login() {
         #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -213,6 +221,7 @@ mod test {
 
         #[async_trait::async_trait]
         impl EntityGateway for TestData {
+            type Transaction = ();
             async fn get_user_by_name(&mut self, name: String) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
                 assert!(name == "testuser");
                 Ok(UserAccountEntity {
@@ -271,6 +280,7 @@ mod test {
 
         #[async_trait::async_trait]
         impl EntityGateway for TestData {
+            type Transaction = ();
             async fn get_user_by_name(&mut self, _name: String) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
                 Err(GatewayError::Error)
             }
@@ -305,6 +315,7 @@ mod test {
 
         #[async_trait::async_trait]
         impl EntityGateway for TestData {
+            type Transaction = ();
             async fn get_user_by_name(&mut self, name: String) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
                 assert!(name == "testuser");
                 Ok(UserAccountEntity {
@@ -354,6 +365,7 @@ mod test {
 
         #[async_trait::async_trait]
         impl EntityGateway for TestData {
+            type Transaction = ();
             async fn get_user_by_name(&mut self, name: String) -> Result<UserAccountEntity, GatewayError> {
                 assert!(name == "testuser");
                 Ok(UserAccountEntity {

src/ship/items/actions.rs

@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ use std::pin::Pin;
 
 use crate::ship::map::MapArea;
 use crate::entity::character::{CharacterEntity, CharacterEntityId};
-use crate::entity::gateway::EntityGatewayTransaction;
+use crate::entity::gateway::{EntityGateway, EntityGatewayTransaction};
 use crate::ship::items::state::{ItemStateProxy, ItemStateError, AddItemResult, StackedItemDetail, IndividualItemDetail};
 use crate::ship::items::bank::{BankItem, BankItemDetail};
 use crate::ship::items::inventory::{InventoryItem, InventoryItemDetail};
 use crate::ship::items::floor::{FloorItem, FloorItemDetail};
-use crate::ship::items::apply_item::apply_item;
+use crate::ship::items::apply_item::{apply_item, ApplyItemAction};
 use crate::entity::item::{ItemDetail, NewItemEntity, TradeId};
 use crate::entity::item::tool::Tool;
 use crate::entity::item::ItemModifier;
@@ -23,11 +23,16 @@ pub enum TriggerCreateItem {
     No
 }
 
-pub(super) fn take_item_from_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: ClientItemId)
-                        -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn take_item_from_floor<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    item_id: ClientItemId
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway + Send,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
-    move |(mut item_state, transaction): (ItemStateProxy<'_>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + '_>) , _| {
+    move |(mut item_state, transaction): (ItemStateProxy, TR) , _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
             let mut floor = item_state.floor(&character_id).await?;
             let item = floor.take_item(&item_id).ok_or_else(|| ItemStateError::NoFloorItem(item_id))?;
@@ -38,13 +43,18 @@ pub(super) fn take_item_from_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: Cli
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn add_floor_item_to_inventory(character: &CharacterEntity)
-                               -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), FloorItem)
-                                                  -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), TriggerCreateItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_floor_item_to_inventory<EG, TR>(
+    character: &CharacterEntity
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), FloorItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), TriggerCreateItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + Clone + 'static,
 {
     let character = character.clone();
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), floor_item| {
         let character = character.clone();
+        let transaction = transaction.clone();
         Box::pin(async move {
             let mut inventory = item_state.inventory(&character.id).await?;
 
@@ -67,7 +77,7 @@ pub(super) fn add_floor_item_to_inventory(character: &CharacterEntity)
             let add_result = inventory.add_floor_item(floor_item)?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_inventory(&character.id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character.id)).await?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_meseta(&character_id, inventory.meseta).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction),
                 match add_result {
@@ -81,9 +91,15 @@ pub(super) fn add_floor_item_to_inventory(character: &CharacterEntity)
 
 
 
-pub(super) fn take_item_from_inventory(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: ClientItemId, amount: u32)
-                            -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                               -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn take_item_from_inventory<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    item_id: ClientItemId,
+    amount: u32,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -91,7 +107,7 @@ pub(super) fn take_item_from_inventory(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id:
             let item = inventory.take_item(&item_id, amount).ok_or_else(|| ItemStateError::NoFloorItem(item_id))?;
 
             transaction.gateway().set_character_inventory(&character_id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character_id)).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), item))
         })
@@ -99,9 +115,15 @@ pub(super) fn take_item_from_inventory(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id:
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn add_inventory_item_to_shared_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId, map_area: MapArea, drop_position: (f32, f32, f32))
-                                  -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                                     -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_inventory_item_to_shared_floor<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    map_area: MapArea,
+    drop_position: (f32, f32, f32),
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), inventory_item| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -127,43 +149,59 @@ pub(super) fn add_inventory_item_to_shared_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn take_meseta_from_inventory(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32)
-                              -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                                 -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn take_meseta_from_inventory<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    amount: u32,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
             let mut inventory = item_state.inventory(&character_id).await?;
             inventory.remove_meseta(amount)?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_meseta(&character_id, inventory.meseta).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), ()))
         })
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_inventory(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32)
-                              -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                                 -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_inventory<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    amount: u32
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
             let mut inventory = item_state.inventory(&character_id).await?;
             inventory.add_meseta(amount)?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_meseta(&character_id, inventory.meseta).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), ()))
         })
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_shared_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32, map_area: MapArea, drop_position: (f32, f32))
-                              -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                                 -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_shared_floor<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    amount: u32,
+    map_area: MapArea,
+    drop_position: (f32, f32)
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
-
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
             let floor_item = FloorItem {
@@ -184,9 +222,14 @@ pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_shared_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn take_meseta_from_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32)
-                         -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                            -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn take_meseta_from_bank<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    amount: u32,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -199,9 +242,14 @@ pub(super) fn take_meseta_from_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn add_meseta_from_bank_to_inventory(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32)
-                         -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                            -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_meseta_from_bank_to_inventory<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    amount: u32,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -215,9 +263,14 @@ pub(super) fn add_meseta_from_bank_to_inventory(character_id: CharacterEntityId,
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32)
-                      -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                         -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_bank<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    amount: u32,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -231,25 +284,35 @@ pub(super) fn add_meseta_to_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId, amount: u32)
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn take_item_from_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: ClientItemId, amount: u32)
-                        -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                               -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), BankItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn take_item_from_bank<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    item_id: ClientItemId,
+    amount: u32,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), BankItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
             let mut bank = item_state.bank(&character_id).await?;
             let item = bank.take_item(&item_id, amount).ok_or_else(|| ItemStateError::NoBankItem(item_id))?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_bank(&character_id, &bank.as_bank_entity(), &bank.name).await?;
-            item_state.set_bank(bank);
+            item_state.set_bank(bank).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), item))
         })
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn add_bank_item_to_inventory(character: &CharacterEntity)
-                              -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), BankItem)
-                                                 -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_bank_item_to_inventory<EG, TR>(
+    character: &CharacterEntity,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), BankItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     let character = character.clone();
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), bank_item| {
@@ -286,7 +349,7 @@ pub(super) fn add_bank_item_to_inventory(character: &CharacterEntity)
 
             inventory.add_item(inventory_item.clone())?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_inventory(&character.id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character.id)).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), inventory_item))
         })
@@ -294,9 +357,13 @@ pub(super) fn add_bank_item_to_inventory(character: &CharacterEntity)
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn add_inventory_item_to_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
-                              -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                                 -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_inventory_item_to_bank<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), inventory_item| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -315,7 +382,7 @@ pub(super) fn add_inventory_item_to_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
             bank.add_inventory_item(inventory_item)?;
 
             transaction.gateway().set_character_bank(&character_id, &bank.as_bank_entity(), &bank.name).await?;
-            item_state.set_bank(bank);
+            item_state.set_bank(bank).await;
 
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), ()))
@@ -324,16 +391,22 @@ pub(super) fn add_inventory_item_to_bank(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn equip_inventory_item(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: ClientItemId, equip_slot: u8)
-                        -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn equip_inventory_item<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    item_id: ClientItemId,
+    equip_slot: u8,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+                     -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
             let mut inventory = item_state.inventory(&character_id).await?;
             inventory.equip(&item_id, equip_slot);
             transaction.gateway().set_character_equips(&character_id, &inventory.as_equipped_entity()).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), ()))
         })
@@ -341,16 +414,21 @@ pub(super) fn equip_inventory_item(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: Cli
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn unequip_inventory_item(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: ClientItemId)
-                          -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn unequip_inventory_item<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    item_id: ClientItemId,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
             let mut inventory = item_state.inventory(&character_id).await?;
             inventory.unequip(&item_id);
             transaction.gateway().set_character_equips(&character_id, &inventory.as_equipped_entity()).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), ()))
         })
@@ -359,9 +437,14 @@ pub(super) fn unequip_inventory_item(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_id: C
 
 
 
-pub(super) fn sort_inventory_items(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_ids: Vec<ClientItemId>)
-                        -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn sort_inventory_items<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    item_ids: Vec<ClientItemId>,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), ()), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         let item_ids = item_ids.clone();
@@ -369,7 +452,7 @@ pub(super) fn sort_inventory_items(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_ids: Ve
             let mut inventory = item_state.inventory(&character_id).await?;
             inventory.sort(&item_ids);
             transaction.gateway().set_character_inventory(&character_id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character_id)).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), ()))
         })
@@ -377,9 +460,13 @@ pub(super) fn sort_inventory_items(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_ids: Ve
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn use_consumed_item(character: CharacterEntity)
-                      -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                         -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), CharacterEntity), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn use_consumed_item<EG, TR>(
+    character: CharacterEntity,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<ApplyItemAction>), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway + Clone + 'static,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), inventory_item| {
         let mut character = character.clone();
@@ -390,17 +477,22 @@ pub(super) fn use_consumed_item(character: CharacterEntity)
                     Ok(transaction)
                 }}).await?;
 
-            apply_item(&mut item_state, transaction.gateway(), &mut character, inventory_item).await?;
+            let apply_item_actions = apply_item(&mut item_state, transaction.gateway(), &mut character, inventory_item).await?;
 
-            Ok(((item_state, transaction), character))
+            Ok(((item_state, transaction), apply_item_actions))
         })
     }
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn feed_mag_item(character: CharacterEntity, mag_item_id: ClientItemId)
-                      -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                         -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), CharacterEntity), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn feed_mag_item<EG, TR>(
+    character: CharacterEntity,
+    mag_item_id: ClientItemId,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), CharacterEntity), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), tool| {
         let character = character.clone();
@@ -437,7 +529,7 @@ pub(super) fn feed_mag_item(character: CharacterEntity, mag_item_id: ClientItemI
             mag_entity.feed(food_tool);
 
             transaction.gateway().set_character_inventory(&character.id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character.id)).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), character))
         })
@@ -445,12 +537,16 @@ pub(super) fn feed_mag_item(character: CharacterEntity, mag_item_id: ClientItemI
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn add_bought_item_to_inventory<'a>(character_id: CharacterEntityId,
-                                    shop_item: &'a (dyn ShopItem + Send + Sync),
-                                    item_id: ClientItemId,
-                                    amount: u32)
-                                    -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                               -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_bought_item_to_inventory<'a, EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    shop_item: &'a (dyn ShopItem + Send + Sync),
+    item_id: ClientItemId,
+    amount: u32,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -499,16 +595,20 @@ pub(super) fn add_bought_item_to_inventory<'a>(character_id: CharacterEntityId,
             };
 
             transaction.gateway().set_character_inventory(&character_id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character_id)).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), inventory_item))
         })
     }
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn sell_inventory_item<'a>(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
-                           -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                      -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn sell_inventory_item<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), inventory_item| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -522,7 +622,7 @@ pub(super) fn sell_inventory_item<'a>(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
                     Ok(transaction)
                 }}).await?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_meseta(&character_id, inventory.meseta).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), inventory_item))
         })
     }
@@ -530,19 +630,22 @@ pub(super) fn sell_inventory_item<'a>(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
 
 
 #[async_recursion::async_recursion]
-async fn iterate_inner<'a, I, O, T, F, FR>(state: (ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>),
-                                           mut input: Vec<I>,
-                                           func: F,
-                                           arg: T)
-                                           -> Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>
+async fn iterate_inner<'a, EG, TR, I, O, T, F, FR>(
+    state: (ItemStateProxy, TR),
+    mut input: Vec<I>,
+    func: F,
+    arg: T,
+) -> Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>
 where
     'a: 'async_recursion,
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG>,
     I: Send,
     O: Send,
     T: Clone + Send + Sync,
     F: Fn(I) -> FR + Send + Sync + Clone + 'static,
-    FR: Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), T)
-           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), O), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Send + Sync,
+    FR: Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), T)
+           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), O), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Send + Sync,
 {
     let item = match input.pop() {
         Some(item) => item,
@@ -558,18 +661,20 @@ where
     Ok((state, output))
 }
 
-pub(super) fn iterate<'k, I, O, T, F, FR>(
+pub(super) fn iterate<'k, EG, TR, I, O, T, F, FR>(
     input: Vec<I>,
-    func: F)
-    -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), T)
-                       -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+    func: F,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), T)
+                     -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
 where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
     O: Send,
     I: Send + Clone + 'static + std::fmt::Debug,
     T: Send + Clone +  'static + std::fmt::Debug,
     F: Fn(I) -> FR + Send + Sync + Clone + 'static,
-    FR: for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), T)
-                   -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), O), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Send + Sync,
+    FR: Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), T)
+           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), O), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Send + Sync,
     T: Clone + Send + Sync,
 {
     move |(item_state, transaction), arg| {
@@ -584,16 +689,19 @@ where
 
 
 #[async_recursion::async_recursion]
-async fn foreach_inner<'a, O, T, F>(state: (ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>),
-                                        mut input: Vec<T>,
-                                        func: F)
-                                        -> Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>
+async fn foreach_inner<'a, EG, TR, O, T, F>(
+    state: (ItemStateProxy, TR),
+    mut input: Vec<T>,
+    func: F,
+) -> Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>
 where
     'a: 'async_recursion,
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
     O: Send,
     T: Clone + Send,
-    F: Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), T)
-                   -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), O), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Send + Sync,
+    F: Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), T)
+                   -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), O), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Send + Sync,
     F: Clone,
 {
     let item = match input.pop() {
@@ -609,14 +717,17 @@ where
     Ok((state, output))
 }
 
-pub(super) fn foreach<'k, O, T, F>(func: F)
-                                -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), Vec<T>)
-                                                   -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn foreach<'k, EG, TR, O, T, F>(
+    func: F
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<T>)
+                     -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<O>), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
 where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
     O: Send,
     T: Send + Clone +  'static + std::fmt::Debug,
-    F: for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), T)
-                   -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), O), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    F: Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), T)
+          -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), O), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Send + Sync + 'static,
     F: Clone,
     T: Clone + Send + Sync,
 {
@@ -629,9 +740,14 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn insert<'a, T: Send + Clone + 'a>(element: T)
-         -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                            -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), T), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn insert<'a, EG, TR, T>(
+    element: T
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), T), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
+    T: Send + Clone + 'a,
 {
     move |state, _| {
         let element = element.clone();
@@ -641,9 +757,13 @@ pub(super) fn insert<'a, T: Send + Clone + 'a>(element: T)
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn add_item_to_inventory(character: CharacterEntity)
-                         -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                            -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Clone
+pub(super) fn add_item_to_inventory<EG, TR>(
+    character: CharacterEntity,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Clone
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), inventory_item| {
         let character = character.clone();
@@ -658,16 +778,22 @@ pub(super) fn add_item_to_inventory(character: CharacterEntity)
 
             inventory.add_item(inventory_item.clone())?;
             transaction.gateway().set_character_inventory(&character.id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character.id)).await?;
-            item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
+            item_state.set_inventory(inventory).await;
 
             Ok(((item_state, transaction), inventory_item))
         })
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn record_trade(trade_id: TradeId, character_to: CharacterEntityId, character_from: CharacterEntityId)
-                -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), Vec<InventoryItem>)
-                                   -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), Vec<InventoryItem>), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Clone
+pub(super) fn record_trade<EG, TR>(
+    trade_id: TradeId,
+    character_to: CharacterEntityId,
+    character_from: CharacterEntityId,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<InventoryItem>)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), Vec<InventoryItem>), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Clone
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(item_state, mut transaction), traded_items| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -688,9 +814,12 @@ pub(super) fn record_trade(trade_id: TradeId, character_to: CharacterEntityId, c
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn assign_new_item_id()
-                      -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                         -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Clone
+pub(super) fn assign_new_item_id<EG, TR>(
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Clone
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction), mut inventory_item| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -701,9 +830,14 @@ pub(super) fn assign_new_item_id()
 }
 
 
-pub(super) fn convert_item_drop_to_floor_item(character_id: CharacterEntityId, item_drop: ItemDrop)
-                      -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), ())
-                                         -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>> + Clone
+pub(super) fn convert_item_drop_to_floor_item<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+    item_drop: ItemDrop,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), ())
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>> + Clone
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, mut transaction), _| {
         let item_drop = item_drop.clone();
@@ -798,9 +932,13 @@ pub(super) fn convert_item_drop_to_floor_item(character_id: CharacterEntityId, i
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn add_item_to_local_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
-                        -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), FloorItem)
-                                           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn add_item_to_local_floor<EG, TR>(
+    character_id: CharacterEntityId,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), FloorItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), FloorItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(mut item_state, transaction) , floor_item| {
         Box::pin(async move {
@@ -813,9 +951,13 @@ pub(super) fn add_item_to_local_floor(character_id: CharacterEntityId)
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn apply_modifier_to_inventory_item(modifier: ItemModifier)
-                        -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                           -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn apply_modifier_to_inventory_item<EG, TR>(
+    modifier: ItemModifier,
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(item_state, mut transaction), mut inventory_item| {
         let modifier = modifier.clone();
@@ -833,9 +975,12 @@ pub(super) fn apply_modifier_to_inventory_item(modifier: ItemModifier)
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn as_individual_item()
-                      -> impl for<'a> Fn((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), InventoryItem)
-                                         -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy<'a>, Box<dyn EntityGatewayTransaction + 'a>), IndividualItemDetail), ItemStateError>> + Send + 'a>>
+pub(super) fn as_individual_item<EG, TR>(
+) -> impl Fn((ItemStateProxy, TR), InventoryItem)
+             -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output=Result<((ItemStateProxy, TR), IndividualItemDetail), ItemStateError>> + Send>>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway,
+    TR: EntityGatewayTransaction<ParentGateway = EG> + 'static,
 {
     move |(item_state, transaction), inventory_item| {
         Box::pin(async move {

src/ship/items/apply_item.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-use thiserror::Error;
 use std::convert::TryInto;
+use futures::future::{join_all, BoxFuture, LocalBoxFuture};
+use futures::stream::{FuturesOrdered, StreamExt};
+use thiserror::Error;
 use crate::entity::gateway::{EntityGateway, GatewayError};
 use crate::entity::character::CharacterEntity;
 use crate::entity::item::mag::{MagCell, MagCellError};
@@ -27,53 +29,57 @@ pub enum ApplyItemError {
     MagCellError(#[from] MagCellError),
 }
 
+pub enum ApplyItemAction {
+    UpdateCharacter(CharacterEntity),
+    CreateItem(()),
+}
+
 impl From<ItemStateError> for ApplyItemError {
     fn from(other: ItemStateError) -> ApplyItemError {
         ApplyItemError::ItemStateError(Box::new(other))
     }
 }
 
-// TODO: make all these functions not-pub
-pub async fn power_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+async fn power_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError> {
     character.materials.power += 1;
     entity_gateway.save_character(character).await?;
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(vec![ApplyItemAction::UpdateCharacter(character.clone())])
 }
 
-pub async fn mind_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+async fn mind_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError> {
     character.materials.mind += 1;
     entity_gateway.save_character(character).await.unwrap();
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(vec![ApplyItemAction::UpdateCharacter(character.clone())])
 }
 
-pub async fn evade_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+async fn evade_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError> {
     character.materials.evade += 1;
     entity_gateway.save_character(character).await.unwrap();
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(vec![ApplyItemAction::UpdateCharacter(character.clone())])
 }
 
-pub async fn def_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+async fn def_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError> {
     character.materials.def += 1;
     entity_gateway.save_character(character).await.unwrap();
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(vec![ApplyItemAction::UpdateCharacter(character.clone())])
 }
 
-pub async fn luck_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+async fn luck_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError> {
     character.materials.luck += 1;
     entity_gateway.save_character(character).await.unwrap();
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(vec![ApplyItemAction::UpdateCharacter(character.clone())])
 }
 
-pub async fn hp_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+async fn hp_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError> {
     character.materials.hp += 1;
     entity_gateway.save_character(character).await.unwrap();
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(vec![ApplyItemAction::UpdateCharacter(character.clone())])
 }
 
-pub async fn tp_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+async fn tp_material<EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError> {
     character.materials.tp += 1;
     entity_gateway.save_character(character).await.unwrap();
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(vec![ApplyItemAction::UpdateCharacter(character.clone())])
 }
 
 /*
@@ -98,12 +104,12 @@ async fn mag_cell<EG: EntityGateway>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, used_cell: &Consum
  */
 
 
-async fn mag_cell<'a, EG>(item_state: &mut ItemStateProxy<'a>,
+async fn mag_cell<'a, EG>(item_state: &mut ItemStateProxy,
                           entity_gateway: &mut EG,
                           character: &CharacterEntity,
                           cell_entity_id: ItemEntityId,
                           mag_cell_type: MagCell)
-                          -> Result<(), ApplyItemError>
+                          -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError>
 where
     EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized,
 {
@@ -117,7 +123,7 @@ where
     entity_gateway.set_character_inventory(&character.id, &inventory.as_inventory_entity(&character.id)).await?;
     item_state.set_inventory(inventory);
 
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(Vec::new())
 }
 
 /*
@@ -218,12 +224,21 @@ pub async fn liberta_kit<EG: EntityGateway>(entity_gateway: &mut EG, used_cell:
 }
 */
 
-async fn apply_tool<'a, EG>(item_state: &mut ItemStateProxy<'a>,
+async fn jack_o_lantern<'a, EG>(item_state: &mut ItemStateProxy,
+                                entity_gateway: &mut EG
+) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized,
+{
+    Ok(Vec::new())
+}
+
+async fn apply_tool<'a, EG>(item_state: &mut ItemStateProxy,
                             entity_gateway: &mut EG,
                             character: &mut CharacterEntity,
                             entity_id: ItemEntityId,
                             tool: ToolType)
-                            -> Result<(), ApplyItemError>
+                            -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError>
 where
     EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized,
 {
@@ -235,13 +250,13 @@ where
         ToolType::LuckMaterial => luck_material(entity_gateway, character).await,
         ToolType::HpMaterial => hp_material(entity_gateway, character).await,
         ToolType::TpMaterial => tp_material(entity_gateway, character).await,
-        ToolType::Monomate => Ok(()),
-        ToolType::Dimate => Ok(()),
-        ToolType::Trimate => Ok(()),
-        ToolType::Monofluid => Ok(()),
-        ToolType::Difluid => Ok(()),
-        ToolType::Trifluid => Ok(()),
-        ToolType::HuntersReport => Ok(()),
+        ToolType::Monomate => Ok(Vec::new()),
+        ToolType::Dimate => Ok(Vec::new()),
+        ToolType::Trimate => Ok(Vec::new()),
+        ToolType::Monofluid => Ok(Vec::new()),
+        ToolType::Difluid => Ok(Vec::new()),
+        ToolType::Trifluid => Ok(Vec::new()),
+        ToolType::HuntersReport => Ok(Vec::new()),
         ToolType::CellOfMag502
             | ToolType::CellOfMag213
             | ToolType::PartsOfRobochao
@@ -268,6 +283,7 @@ where
             | ToolType::LibertaKit => {
                 mag_cell(item_state, entity_gateway, character, entity_id, tool.try_into()?).await
             }
+        ToolType::JackOLantern => jack_o_lantern(item_state, entity_gateway).await,
         // TODO: rest of these
         _ => Err(ApplyItemError::InvalidItem)
     }
@@ -275,7 +291,14 @@ where
 }
 
 
-pub async fn apply_item<'a, EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(item_state: &mut ItemStateProxy<'a>, entity_gateway: &mut EG, character: &mut CharacterEntity, item: InventoryItem) -> Result<(), ApplyItemError> {
+pub async fn apply_item<'a, EG>(item_state: &mut ItemStateProxy,
+                                entity_gateway: &mut EG,
+                                character: &mut CharacterEntity,
+                                item: InventoryItem
+) -> Result<Vec<ApplyItemAction>, ApplyItemError>
+where
+    EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized + Clone + 'static
+{
     match item.item {
         InventoryItemDetail::Individual(individual_item) => {
             match individual_item.item {
@@ -284,10 +307,22 @@ pub async fn apply_item<'a, EG: EntityGateway + ?Sized>(item_state: &mut ItemSta
             }
         },
         InventoryItemDetail::Stacked(stacked_item) => {
-            for entity_id in stacked_item.entity_ids {
-                apply_tool(item_state, entity_gateway, character, entity_id, stacked_item.tool.tool).await?
-            }
-            Ok(())
+            Ok(join_all(stacked_item.entity_ids.iter()
+                        .map(|entity_id| {
+                            let mut entity_gateway = entity_gateway.clone();
+                            let mut character = character.clone();
+                            let mut item_state = item_state.clone();
+                            async move {
+                                apply_tool(&mut item_state, &mut entity_gateway, &mut character, *entity_id, stacked_item.tool.tool).await
+                            }
+                        })
+                        .collect::<Vec<_>>())
+               .await
+               .into_iter()
+               .collect::<Result<Vec<Vec<_>>, _>>()?
+               .into_iter()
+               .flatten()
+               .collect())
         },
     }
 }

src/ship/items/state.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
-use async_std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
+use async_std::sync::{Arc, RwLock, Mutex};
 use futures::future::join_all;
 
 use crate::entity::gateway::{EntityGateway, GatewayError};
@@ -373,36 +373,38 @@ impl ItemState {
 }
 
 
-#[derive(Default)]
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
 struct ProxiedItemState {
-    character_inventory: HashMap<CharacterEntityId, InventoryState>,
-    character_bank: HashMap<CharacterEntityId, BankState>,
+    character_inventory: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<CharacterEntityId, InventoryState>>>,
+    character_bank: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<CharacterEntityId, BankState>>>,
 
     //character_room: HashMap<CharacterEntityId, RoomId>,
-    character_floor: HashMap<CharacterEntityId, LocalFloor>,
-    room_floor: HashMap<RoomId, SharedFloor>,
+    character_floor: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<CharacterEntityId, LocalFloor>>>,
+    room_floor: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<RoomId, SharedFloor>>>,
 }
 
-pub struct ItemStateProxy<'a> {
-    item_state: &'a mut ItemState,
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct ItemStateProxy {
+    item_state: ItemState,
     proxied_state: ProxiedItemState,
 }
 
-impl<'a> ItemStateProxy<'a> {
+impl ItemStateProxy {
     pub async fn commit(self) {
         async fn copy_back<K, V>(master: &Arc<RwLock<HashMap<K, RwLock<V>>>>,
-                                 proxy: HashMap<K, V>)
+                                 proxy: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<K, V>>>)
         where
             K: Eq + std::hash::Hash,
+            V: Clone,
         {
-            for (key, value) in proxy {
+            for (key, value) in proxy.lock().await.iter() {
                 if let Some(element) = master
                     .read()
                     .await
                     .get(&key) {
                         *element
                             .write()
-                            .await = value;
+                            .await = value.clone();
                     }
             }
         }
@@ -417,7 +419,7 @@ impl<'a> ItemStateProxy<'a> {
 
 
 async fn get_or_clone<K, V>(master: &Arc<RwLock<HashMap<K, RwLock<V>>>>,
-                            proxy: &mut HashMap<K, V>,
+                            proxy: &Arc<Mutex<HashMap<K, V>>>,
                             key: K,
                             err: fn(K) -> ItemStateError) -> Result<V, ItemStateError>
 where
@@ -432,14 +434,17 @@ where
         .read()
         .await
         .clone();
-    Ok(proxy.entry(key)
+    Ok(proxy
+       .lock()
+       .await
+       .entry(key)
        .or_insert_with(|| existing_element)
        .clone())
 
 }
 
-impl<'a> ItemStateProxy<'a> {
-    pub fn new(item_state: &'a mut ItemState) -> Self {
+impl ItemStateProxy {
+    pub fn new(item_state: ItemState) -> Self {
         ItemStateProxy {
             item_state,
             proxied_state: Default::default(),
@@ -453,8 +458,8 @@ impl<'a> ItemStateProxy<'a> {
                      ItemStateError::NoCharacter).await
     }
 
-    pub fn set_inventory(&mut self, inventory: InventoryState) {
-        self.proxied_state.character_inventory.insert(inventory.character_id, inventory);
+    pub async fn set_inventory(&mut self, inventory: InventoryState) {
+        self.proxied_state.character_inventory.lock().await.insert(inventory.character_id, inventory);
     }
 
     pub async fn bank(&mut self, character_id: &CharacterEntityId) -> Result<BankState, ItemStateError> {
@@ -464,8 +469,8 @@ impl<'a> ItemStateProxy<'a> {
                      ItemStateError::NoCharacter).await
     }
 
-    pub fn set_bank(&mut self, bank: BankState) {
-        self.proxied_state.character_bank.insert(bank.character_id, bank);
+    pub async fn set_bank(&mut self, bank: BankState) {
+        self.proxied_state.character_bank.lock().await.insert(bank.character_id, bank);
     }
 
     pub async fn floor(&mut self, character_id: &CharacterEntityId) -> Result<FloorState, ItemStateError> {
@@ -479,8 +484,8 @@ impl<'a> ItemStateProxy<'a> {
 
     pub async fn set_floor(&mut self, floor: FloorState) {
         let room_id = *self.item_state.character_room.read().await.get(&floor.character_id).unwrap();
-        self.proxied_state.character_floor.insert(floor.character_id, floor.local);
-        self.proxied_state.room_floor.insert(room_id, floor.shared);
+        self.proxied_state.character_floor.lock().await.insert(floor.character_id, floor.local);
+        self.proxied_state.room_floor.lock().await.insert(room_id, floor.shared);
     }
 
     pub async fn new_item_id(&mut self) -> Result<ClientItemId, ItemStateError> {

src/ship/items/tasks.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 use crate::ship::items::ClientItemId;
 use crate::entity::item::Meseta;
 
+use crate::ship::ship::SendShipPacket;
 use crate::ship::map::MapArea;
 use crate::entity::character::{CharacterEntity, CharacterEntityId};
-use crate::entity::gateway::EntityGateway;
+use crate::entity::gateway::{EntityGateway, EntityGatewayTransaction};
 use crate::ship::items::state::{ItemState, ItemStateProxy, ItemStateError, IndividualItemDetail};
 use crate::ship::items::itemstateaction::{ItemStateAction, ItemAction};
 use crate::ship::items::inventory::InventoryItem;
 use crate::ship::items::floor::FloorItem;
+use crate::ship::items::apply_item::ApplyItemAction;
 use crate::entity::item::ItemModifier;
 use crate::ship::shops::ShopItem;
 use crate::ship::trade::TradeItem;
@@ -23,10 +25,11 @@ pub async fn pick_up_item<EG>(
     item_id: &ClientItemId)
     -> Result<actions::TriggerCreateItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
+    EG::Transaction: Clone,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_floor(character.id, *item_id))
             .act(actions::add_floor_item_to_inventory(character))
@@ -46,10 +49,10 @@ pub async fn drop_item<EG>(
     drop_position: (f32, f32, f32))
     -> Result<FloorItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_inventory(character.id, *item_id, 0))
             .act(actions::add_inventory_item_to_shared_floor(character.id, map_area, drop_position))
@@ -70,10 +73,10 @@ pub async fn drop_partial_item<'a, EG>(
     amount: u32)
     -> Result<FloorItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_inventory(character.id, *item_id, amount))
             .act(actions::add_inventory_item_to_shared_floor(character.id, map_area, (drop_position.0, 0.0, drop_position.1)))
@@ -95,10 +98,10 @@ pub async fn drop_meseta<'a, EG>(
     amount: u32)
     -> Result<FloorItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_meseta_from_inventory(character.id, amount))
             .act(actions::add_meseta_to_shared_floor(character.id, amount, map_area, drop_position))
@@ -117,10 +120,10 @@ pub async fn withdraw_meseta<'a, EG>(
     amount: u32)
     -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_meseta_from_bank(character.id, amount))
             .act(actions::add_meseta_from_bank_to_inventory(character.id, amount))
@@ -139,10 +142,10 @@ pub async fn deposit_meseta<'a, EG>(
     amount: u32)
     -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), _) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_meseta_from_inventory(character.id, amount))
             .act(actions::add_meseta_to_bank(character.id, amount))
@@ -162,10 +165,10 @@ pub async fn withdraw_item<'a, EG>(
     amount: u32)
     -> Result<InventoryItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_bank(character.id, *item_id, amount))
             //.act(bank_item_to_inventory_item)
@@ -187,10 +190,10 @@ pub async fn deposit_item<'a, EG> (
     amount: u32)
     -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_inventory(character.id, *item_id, amount))
             .act(actions::add_inventory_item_to_bank(character.id))
@@ -209,10 +212,10 @@ pub async fn equip_item<'a, EG> (
     equip_slot: u8,
 ) -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::equip_inventory_item(character.id, *item_id, equip_slot))
             .commit((item_state_proxy, transaction))
@@ -230,10 +233,10 @@ pub async fn unequip_item<'a, EG> (
     item_id: &ClientItemId,
 ) -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::unequip_inventory_item(character.id, *item_id))
             .commit((item_state_proxy, transaction))
@@ -251,10 +254,10 @@ pub async fn sort_inventory<'a, EG> (
     item_ids: Vec<ClientItemId>,
 ) -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::sort_inventory_items(character.id, item_ids))
             .commit((item_state_proxy, transaction))
@@ -273,11 +276,11 @@ pub async fn use_item<'a, EG> (
     amount: u32,
 ) -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
-        let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), new_character) = ItemStateAction::default()
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
+        let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), apply_item_actions) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_inventory(character.id, *item_id, amount))
             .act(actions::use_consumed_item(character.clone()))
             .commit((item_state_proxy, transaction))
@@ -297,10 +300,10 @@ pub async fn feed_mag<'a, EG> (
     tool_item_id: &ClientItemId,
 ) -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), _) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_inventory(character.id, *tool_item_id, 1))
             .act(actions::feed_mag_item(character.clone(), *mag_item_id))
@@ -321,11 +324,11 @@ pub async fn buy_shop_item<'a, EG> (
     amount: u32,
 ) -> Result<InventoryItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     let item_price = shop_item.price() as u32 * amount;
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_meseta_from_inventory(character.id, item_price))
             //.act(bought_item_to_inventory_item)
@@ -347,10 +350,10 @@ pub async fn sell_item<'a, EG> (
     amount: u32,
 ) -> Result<InventoryItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), result) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_inventory(character.id, item_id, amount))
             .act(actions::sell_inventory_item(character.id))
@@ -367,7 +370,7 @@ pub async fn trade_items<'a, EG> (
     p2: (&AreaClient, &CharacterEntity, &Vec<TradeItem>, Meseta))
     -> Result<(Vec<InventoryItem>, Vec<InventoryItem>), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     let p1_trade_items = p1.2
         .iter()
@@ -391,7 +394,7 @@ where
         let p1_id = p1.1.id;
         let p2_id = p2.1.id;
         let trade = transaction.gateway().create_trade(&p1_id, &p2_id).await?;
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), p1_removed_items) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::iterate(p1_trade_items, move |p1_trade_item| actions::take_item_from_inventory(p1_id, p1_trade_item.0, p1_trade_item.1) ))
             .act(actions::foreach(actions::assign_new_item_id()))
@@ -437,10 +440,10 @@ pub async fn take_meseta<'a, EG> (
     meseta: Meseta)
     -> Result<(), ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), _) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_meseta_from_inventory(*character_id, meseta.0))
             .commit((item_state_proxy, transaction))
@@ -458,10 +461,10 @@ pub async fn enemy_drops_item<'a, EG> (
     item_drop: ItemDrop)
     -> Result<FloorItem, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), floor_item) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::convert_item_drop_to_floor_item(character_id, item_drop))
             .act(actions::add_item_to_local_floor(character_id))
@@ -482,10 +485,10 @@ pub async fn apply_modifier<'a, EG> (
     modifier: ItemModifier)
     -> Result<IndividualItemDetail, ItemStateError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway,
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     entity_gateway.with_transaction(|transaction| async move {
-        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state);
+        let item_state_proxy = ItemStateProxy::new(item_state.clone());
         let ((item_state_proxy, transaction), item) = ItemStateAction::default()
             .act(actions::take_item_from_inventory(character.id, item_id, 1))
             .act(actions::apply_modifier_to_inventory_item(modifier))

src/ship/packet/handler/direct_message.rs

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ pub async fn request_item<EG>(id: ClientId,
                               item_state: &mut ItemState)
                               -> Result<Vec<(ClientId, SendShipPacket)>, ShipError>
 where
-    EG: EntityGateway
+    EG: EntityGateway + 'static,
 {
     let room_id = client_location.get_room(id).await?;
     let monster = rooms.with(room_id, |room| Box::pin(async move {